Dyslipidemias

Dyslipidemia is a major public health problem. Therefore, since the onset of the atherosclerotic process is known to occur early in children and is a key factor in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adulthood, it is essential to identify by means of population screening which patients are susceptible to diagnosis and thus to initial treatment of hypercholesterolemia. All this constitutes a great challenge for reducing cardiovascular mortality in the developed world, where the primary care pediatrician plays a key role. The aim of this review is to provide information on the basic hygienic and dietary measures for these patients, as well as first-line medical treatment. New therapies for the treatment of familial dyslipidemias are also discussed.