Graphical and Zero-based Approaches in Hybrid Interfaces of Mobile Applications

Research Objective – to determine the ex-tent to which mobile application interfaces utilizing large language models have approached the concept of a zero interface. The research focuses on analyzing how modern language models facilitate the transition toward a zero interface and whether they can provide a full-fledged user experience without interaction with graphical elements. Special attention is given to the practical implementation of the zero interface in mobile applications, the persistence of graphical elements, and their functional role in user interaction with the system and artificial intelligence. Additionally, the study examines the prospects for the further development of the zero interface and its significant impact on the UX/UI design market, including potential challenges and threats. Research мethods include the analysis of scientific and professional studies on zero UI and AI. The identified principles of zero UI were applied to the study of three assistant applications: OpenAI ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Gemini. Scientific Novelty lies in the first com-prehensive analysis of the impact of large language models on the development of the zero interface through a practical study of assistant mobile applications that contain artificial intelligence-based assistants. This approach enables an assessment of the degree of voice interaction integration and dependence on traditional graphical elements. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the level of zero interface integration across different systems has been conducted, allowing for the identification of development trends and prospects for its further implementation. Conclusions. Testing of mobile applications showed that they all contain elements of zero UI, but the main one remains the graphical interface. Mobile applications support a natural user experience with voice commands using artificial intelligence, but to activate and deactivate the voice mode, a graphical interface is required. Zero UI is present as an additional feature that duplicates user interaction based on traditional buttons and input fields. Currently, there is no significant threat to the disappearance of the graphical interface and the job market for its specialists (UI designers). How-ever, for UX designers, there is a new challenge and opportunity to apply their skills by finding those places in the graphical interface that can be simplified by adding zero UI functions.