Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support for Refractory Heart Failure

Advanced heart failure is a complex clinical condition that markedly impairs patient survival and the quality of life. Indeed, the prognosis of patients with stage C/D heart failure who do not respond well to medical therapy is very poor. Durable mechanical circulatory support was developed to extend the life of patients with advanced heart failure who are deteriorating despite guideline-directed medical therapy. Moreover, alongside heart transplantation, durable left ventricular assist device therapy is presently the mainstay of advanced heart failure treatment. Several recent studies have proven that durable mechanical circulatory support can extend the life expectancy of patients with advanced heart failure and dramatically improve their quality of life. Thus, this review aimed to provide an overview of indications and types of durable mechanical circulatory support devices available for clinical use. Second, this review consolidates current knowledge regarding survival rates, adverse events, and quality of life for patients after left ventricular assist device implantation. The paper aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of outcomes associated with left ventricular assist device therapy, underscoring the benefits and challenges patients face. Finally, we will briefly examine the future of durable mechanical circulatory support and devices that might enter clinical practice after feasibility trials.