Comparative Analysis of Volatile Oils from Fresh and Grilled Citrus hystrix Peels: Phytochemicals and Antifungal Activity

Fungal infections affect approximately 13 million people worldwide, with the prevalence continuing to rise 1 .Cutaneous mycoses, caused by dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes, commonly affect the skin, nails, and hair.Symptoms such as irritation, lesions, and inflammation are frequently observed 2 .In severe cases, these infections may progress to fungal wounds, disfigurement, and reduced quality of life, with complications such as sepsis occurring in advanced stages 3,4 .A fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophytes is called dermatophytosis.Dermatophytosis occurs commonly in both animals and humans.The primary fungal pathogens responsible for these infections include Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, and Nannizzia gypsea 5 .These species are considered significant zoophilic dermatophytes capable of causing zoonotic transmission to humans.