Preoperative Localization for Non-Palpable Breast Lesions

Advances in breast imaging have increased the detection of non-palpable breast lesions, making the accurate localization of these lesions for surgery increasingly important.Wire-guided localization is the oldest and remains the most widely used technique for non-palpable breast lesions.However, due to the several limitations of this method, alternative techniques, such as Intraoperative ultrasound localization, Breast biopsy marker localization, Radioactive localization (including Radioguided Occult Lesion Localization, Sentinel Node and Occult Lesion Localization, Radioactive Seed Localization, and Radioguided Occult Lesion Localization using Iodine-125 Seeds), Magnetic seed localization, Radar reflector localization, and Radiofrequency-based localization, have been developed.These methods have been demonstrated to have outcomes comparable to wire-guided localization and are currently used in clinical practice.Localization techniques for non-palpable breast lesions have evolved to become more patient-friendly, though each method has its advantages and limitations.In the future, localization methods based on augmented reality are expected to emerge, and advancements in nanotechnology and molecular biology are anticipated to contribute to developing more precise and less invasive localization techniques.This literature review aims to explore the concepts, advantages, disadvantages, and clinical applications of various preoperative localization methods for non-palpable breast lesions and assist the selection of the most appropriate technique based on patient characteristics.