The Principle Of Patent As An Intangible Asset As Collateral Objects In Indonesia

This study examines the legal status of patents as intangible assets with economic value and their potential as collateral in financial transactions. The issue arises from the classification of patents as intangible movable property under Indonesian law, which limits their treatment as collateral to fiduciary guarantees. This classification poses legal and practical challenges, especially as patents increasingly serve as valuable assets in the industrial and technological sectors. Using doctrinal legal research methods and a combination of statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the study analyzes how different jurisdictions treat patents in the context of property rights and secured transactions. The findings indicate that in Indonesia, patents are currently recognized as collateral through fiduciary arrangements, leveraging their status as exclusive rights granted by the state. However, the research also identifies legal discourse and international practices that support the classification of patents as immovable property, which would enable their use in mortgage-based guarantees. The analysis reveals that, while patent valuation is critical to unlocking access to credit, it must be supported by legal certainty to protect creditors in cases of debtor default. Therefore, the study recommends regulatory reform that reclassifies patents as immovable property for collateral purposes and suggests the formulation of clearer legal norms to strengthen the enforceability of patent-based securities, thereby enhancing the role of intellectual property in economic development and financial inclusion.