EMPOWERING RURAL WOMEN THROUGH SHGS: EVIDENCE FROM BIHAR

This study explores the role of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in promoting multidimensional empowerment among rural women in Bihar. Using a mixed-methods approach and the WHO Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) Matrix, the research analyzes outcomes across five key domains: health, education, livelihood, social participation, and empowerment. Data were collected from 120 SHG members and 30 non-members across three districts using structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that SHG membership significantly enhances women's access to healthcare, literacy levels, household income, participation in community decision-making, and self-confidence. SHG members consistently outperformed non-members across all indicators, demonstrating the critical role these collectives play in reducing gender-based disparities and fostering inclusive development. The study further highlights the indirect benefits of SHGs, such as improved children’s education and greater freedom of mobility. However, challenges such as caste-based exclusion, limited access to markets, and dependency on external facilitators remain. The study concludes that SHGs are not only vehicles of financial inclusion but also strategic platforms for social transformation. Strengthening institutional support, improving training, and ensuring equity within SHGs are essential to sustaining their impact and replicating their success across other low-resource regions.