Investigating cosmology models through usual and dual kaniadakis entropies: theoretical and observational tensions and features

Abstract We investigate cosmological models inspired by usual and dual Kaniadakis entropy, constraining them using observational data from CMB, BAO, supernovae, and $$H_0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> measurements. Our analysis shows that while the base Kaniadakis models fail to resolve cosmic tensions, their extensions, incorporating dynamic dark energy or non-flat geometry, exhibit improved consistency. Negative values for the Kaniadakis parameter $$\beta $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math> are observationally preferred, favoring the dual entropy formulation. The models are further analyzed for stability, cosmic age predictions, and large-scale structure formation, demonstrating their viability as alternatives to standard cosmology.