Specialized Radiotherapy for Female Cancer Patients with Pregnancy: Best Practices for Medical Physicists

Radiotherapy (RT) is a crucial part of cancer treatment, but its use becomes more complex during pregnancy. While RT plays an essential role in treating cancer, it demands meticulous planning, strict adherence to safety guidelines, and precision when administered to pregnant patients. Pregnancy introduces unique challenges to radiation therapy because of the potential risks it poses to the developing fetus. Ionizing radiation can be harmful, but medical physicists are trained to minimize these risks during maternal treatment. They are responsible for ensuring that radiation is delivered safely and effectively, particularly for patients in critical condition. This study focuses on the planning and delivery of a tailored radiation treatment that prioritizes the safety of both the mother and the fetus. It explores various strategies for organizing and administering RT in pregnant patients, with a strong emphasis on safety and precision. The document outlines recommended treatment approaches, best practices in dosimetry, and essential safety protocols for medical physicists who manage radiation therapy in pregnant individuals. It also highlights the vital role these specialists play in maintaining the highest standards of professional expertise delivering training, and developing protocols to reduce potential risks. Ultimately, this paper serves as a comprehensive overview of how to safely implement radiotherapy in pregnancy, underscoring the importance of specialized planning, radiation protection, and the continuous involvement of medical physicists in safeguarding both maternal and fetal health.