WAVE DECAY BY RIGID VEGETATION UNDER ORTHOGONAL WAVE-CURRENT CONDITIONS

Coastal vegetation has garnered significant attention as a nature-based solution due to its role in coastal protection. While the wave energy decay by vegetation has been studied under pure-wave and co-directional wave-current conditions, little research has focused on the impact of orthogonal wave-current conditions, which represent propagating waves and longshore currents in natural coastal environments, on wave energy decay. This study introduces the first analytical model that incorporates the current-to-wave velocity ratio to describe wave decay by rigid vegetation under orthogonal wave-current conditions.