Changes in Employment and Employment Determinants by Company Size in The Automobile Industry: Focus on The 4th Industrial Revolution and Technological Innovation

This study analyzed employment changes and determinants by company size in the automobile industry, focusing on the use of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, and used the Survey of Business Activities (2017-2022) of the National Statistical Office.The results are as follows.First, First, the proportion of companies using the fourth industrial revolution technology in the automobile industry increased from 5.5% in 2017 to 9.4% in 2022, but as of 2022, it was lower than the overall industry (13.9%) and manufacturing industry (11.6%).As a result of analyzing the change in employment according to the use of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, the number of companies using the 4th Industrial Revolution technology has increased significantly over time since 2017, while the number of unused companies has decreased significantly, and the increase and decrease of the automobile industry is greater than the overall industry and manufacturing industry.Second, as a result of examining the use of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology by company size in the automobile industry, it has been increasing rapidly since 2017, and as of 2022, large companies (17.5%) were 2.3 times higher than small businesses (7.6%).Third, as a result of analyzing the employment effect of 4th industrial revolution technologies by considering various variables (R&D, investment asset, operating profit rate, labor productivity, etc.) affecting job creation in the automobile industry through panel regression analysis, statistically significant results were not found for large companies, whereas statistically significant positive results were derived for small and medium-sized companies.