Diseases, Economic Losses and Treatment Methods in Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Farming

Trout farming is important in aquaculture production worldwide and appeals to a wide range of consumers due to its high protein content and nutritional value. However, various diseases seen in trout negatively affect production processes and food safety, and can cause environmental problems and behavioral disorders by affecting the welfare of the fish due to the use of chemicals (formaldehyde, copper sulfate, etc.) used for treatment. In this article, some of the diseases that are frequently encountered in trout and cause economic losses are examined and the effects of these diseases on trout farming are discussed. Diseases seen in trout are generally caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens. While these factors seriously threaten the health of trout, they also cause economic losses to producers such as high treatment costs and production losses. In addition, measures taken to prevent the spread of diseases generally require improving water quality, increasing hygienic measures and applying chemical treatment methods. Moreover, problems such as excessive use of drugs and the development of antibiotic resistance complicate this process. As a result, disease prevention, early intervention and the development of effective treatment methods are critical for sustainable production in the sector for trout producers. This article aims to provide important information on disease management and control strategies in the trout farming industry.