Causes and Solutions for Agricultural Product Loss: A Study of the Shallot Supply Chain in Tra Vinh Province

This study investigates the shallot supply chain in Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam, focusing on distribution channels, stakeholder roles, and key factors contributing to post-harvest losses. A mixed-method approach was adopted, integrating qualitative interviews and field surveys conducted with 51 farmers, five collectors, and five retailers to analyze the flow and losses along the supply chain. Additionally, a SWOT analysis was employed to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by stakeholders within the supply chain. Results reveal that the average yield per crop per 1,000 m2 is approximately 1,468 kg. Total shallot losses along the supply chain reach an estimated 31.7%, with 21.7% occurring during the production stage and an additional 10% lost post- harvest. The majority of shallots are distributed through traditional markets, with limited access to modern trade channels. Key challenges, including price fluctuations, inadequate storage facilities, and transportation issues, hinder the supply chain’s efficiency. Based on these findings, this research recommends targeted interventions, such as infrastructure investment, improved stakeholder coordination, and the exploration of alternative distribution channels, to reduce losses and enhance profitability for local farmers.