Functional and Compositional Differences in the Gut Microbiome Between Individuals With and Without a History of Gestational Diabetes

longitudinal growth in WT juvenile mice.In contrast, skeletal growth in young adult WT mice was not sensitive to vancomycin treatment.Gut microbiota effects are likely mediated by SCFA, as 3 weeks of propionate supplementation to vancomycin treated mice stimulated bone growth and increased the expression of bone marrow osteoblastogenesis gene Runx2 and Wnt10b.The negative effect of microbiota depletion by vancomycin on skeletal growth was abrogated in Gpr43 -/-mice.Growth plate thickness and chondrocyte proliferation assessed by expression of Ki67 was significantly reduced by vancomycin in WT juvenile mice but not in Gpr43 -/-mice.Conclusions: In conclusion, juvenile age is a critical window during which gut microbiome has a significant impact on skeletal growth in mice.This effect appears to be mediated by SCFA and their receptor GPR43.