NIH’s Continued Investment in Dietary Assessment

Results: In 2023, diet low in vegetables was responsible for 930, 000 deaths (95% UI: 503,000-1,290,000) globally.The highest number of vegetable attributable deaths were estimated to be in South Asia (270,000; 95% UI: 140,000 -387,000) followed by High income countries (155,000; 95% UI: 99,000-215,000).Compared to 1990, the global estimate of vegetable attributable death rate declined from 24 (95 UI: 12-36) to 19 (95% UI: 11-27) per 100,000 in 2023.Globally, a total of 23 million (95% UI 11.8 -32.2) DALYs were attributed to low vegetable consumption in 2023.It was the fourth-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs.The majority of these DALYs, approximately 18 million (95% CI: 10-24 million), were estimated to come from cardiovascular diseases.Compared to 1990, the global estimate of vegetable attributable DALYs rate declined from 636(95 UI: 278-941) to 486(95% UI: 245-692) per 100,000 in 2023.Conclusions: This study has demonstrated the potential impact of addressing low vegetable consumption on noncommunicable mortality and morbidity.Interventions aimed at improving vegetable consumption, which include policies targeting multiple sectors of the food system to increase availability and affordability, as well as behavior change interventions, are urgently needed.