Characteristics and Genotyping for Children With Pneumonia Caused by Streptococcus Pneumonia and Using Antimicrobial Drugs

The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and resistance to antibiotics have become a public health problem in different countries of the world. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasal carriage and sputum among children, and their antibiotics susceptibility profiles. A nasal swab and sputum was obtained from 463 healthy children aged from 5to12 years in dohuk hospital for kids, Kurdistan region, Iraq. The swabs nasal carriage and sputum were cultured on appropriate culture media to isolate Streptococcus pneumoniae and to examine their susceptibility to antibiotics. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the standard disk-diffusion method, Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from 206 (44.49%) of the specimens; were resistant for penicillin and ampicillin, in addition Cefuroxime and Ceftriaxone, while was sensitive for Clindamycin, Moxifloxacin, Clarithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin and Azithromycin, Genotypes c, e, f and k were detected by PCR. Of the 206(44.49%) samples, 143 (30.89%) isolates corresponded to children that infected were positive for S. pneumoniae genotype c, 21 (4.53%) genotype f, genotype k, and genotype c and k, respectively.