Innovative Approach to Gap Mitigation in Continuous Concrete Pile Wharves: A Bandar Anzali Case Study

This research focuses on the critical issue of gap formation in continuous concrete pile wharves, a prevalent problem in maritime infrastructure, particularly highlighted by the case study of Bandar Anzali Port. As these facilities age, problems such as undermining and scouring can exacerbate the severity of these gaps, leading to aggregate washout and compromising the integrity of wharf structures. Such gaps usually arise during construction due to pile deviation and casing removal. The gaps can subsequently become wider as the concrete degrades, posing a threat to the durability and operational efficiency of wharves. This study identified the locations of cavities induced by undermining and scouring, utilizing a ground penetrating radar (GPR). The research introduced new solutions, including flexible formwork and specially designed bags filled with expanding grout, tailored to effectively seal the identified gaps. Additionally, the use of self-compacting concrete ensured that the voids and any inaccessible cavities were fully filled, enhancing the structural stability of the wharves at Bandar Anzali. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the utilized techniques in ports with similar structural challenges. The adaptability of these techniques to diverse environments underscores their potential for widespread implementation.