Amelioration of Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity by A. cepa extract in male Wistar rats

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Gentamicin is a commonly used antibiotic in hospitalized patients.The nephroprotective value of AlliumAllium <em>cepa</em> has been recognized against various nephrotoxic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate nephroprotective effect of AlliumAllium <em>cepa</em> against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in male Wister rats.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> It was an experimental study design including 90 adult healthy Wistar rats of male gender. Group A (n=30) was control group while Group B (n=30) was given intraperitoneal gentamicin at the dose of 100mg/Kg body weight/ day for 8 days. Group C was given gentamicn for 8 days followed by AlliumAllium <em>cepa</em> extract at dose of 1ml∕kg body weight/day for a week. Serum creatinine, urea and electrolyte levels were measured after 15 days. One way ANOVA test followed by post hock Tukey test was applied to compare the means of parameters and to determine the significance of difference between the groups.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> A significant differences in the serum urea and creatinine levels among the groups (p=0.000) was observed. Post hoc Tukey's test indicated that mice administered gentamicin had significantly elevated serum urea (130.70 ± 66.34 mg/dl) and creatinine levels (1.39 ± 0.64 mg/dl) compared to control mice (urea: 31.60 ± 9.26 mg/dl; creatinine: 0.453 ± 0.11 mg/dl) (p=0.000). Gentamicin administered mice that were give Allium<em> cepa</em> extract exhibited lower serum urea (61.30 ± 17.88 mg/dl) and creatinine levels (0.727 ± 0.22 mg/dl) than gentamicin administered mice (130±66.34, 1.39±0.64 respectively). One-way ANOVA analysis revealed no significant differences in serum sodium levels among the groups (p=0.784). However, significant differences were observed in serum potassium and chloride levels (p=0.000 for both). Gentamicin administered mice had a significant increase in serum potassium (5.79±1.34 mEq/L) and chloride(105.93±3.86) levels compared to control mice(p=0.000). Furthermore, <em>Allium cepa</em> extract significantly (p=0.000) reduced the increase in serum potassium (5.05±±0.26) and chloride levels (102.23±2.59) caused by gentamicin.</p> <p> </p>