Vietnamese–Russian Oil-and-Gas Cooperation in Russia's Far Eastern Policy (2001–2020)

Energy cooperation forms the foundation of the Vietnamese-Russian relationship, driving extensive collaboration between the two nations. Since the 1980s, Russia’s active involvement in exploration and extraction has strengthened this partnership. This article provides an analytical overview of energy cooperation amid Russia’s strategic expansion in the Asia-Pacific region. It highlights Russia’s focus on investing in Vietnam’s fuel sector to advance shared economic and political goals. The 2012 Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between Vietnam and Russia underpins this cooperation, though the presence of foreign enterprises poses challenges. Notably, China’s increasing tensions in the East Sea add complexity to regional dynamics. Vietnam-Russia oil and gas collaboration could counterbalance China’s regional influence, supporting Vietnam’s sovereignty efforts. Additionally, this partnership grants Vietnam access to advanced technology while helping Russia deepen ties with international firms operating in Vietnam. The article examines these economic and political interests, emphasizing the mutual benefits of their energy cooperation.