THE CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CERVICAL PAPANICOLAOU SMEAR BASED ON THE BETHESDA SYSTEM 2014: A STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF WESTERN INDIA

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in reproductive age women. The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear used worldwide is effective tool for cervical screening. The Bethesda System 2014 stands out as a model of standardized uniform reporting format for detection of variable cervicovaginal cytology including inflammatory, premalignant and malignant conditions. A Retrospective observational study w Methods: as conducted at Cytology section, Pathology Department, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Gotri, Vadodara for period of one year from July 2022 to June 2023. 365 pap smears received from our institute's gynecology OPD of women age between from 20 to 80 years. In our study, total 365 cases were screened, Out of them 58(15.9%) Results: cases were unsatisfactory for evalution and 307(84.11%) cases were satisfactory. Among satisfactory smears, NILM was the predominant finding seen in 275(89.58%) cases. Specific infections, most common were Bacterial Vaginosis 23(8.2%) cases, Trichomonas Vaginalis 6(2%) cases, HPV warty like lesion 4 (1.5%) cases and 14(5.1%) cases showing atrophic changes on smear. Epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 32(10.42%) cases, in which 19 (6.19%) cases were reported as ASCUS, 5 (1.62%) cases as LSIL, 4 cases (1.30%) as HSIL, 2 cases (0.65%) as ASC-H, 2 cases(0.65%) as AGC-NOS. Conclusion: Cervical Pap smear based on TBS 2014, is simple and cost effective for cervical cytopathological screening, by early detection of possibility of inflammatory, pre malignant and malignant condition, which helps in prompt management and increase life expectancy of women by reduce the morbidity and mortality of cervical carcinoma.