Phase response measurement and dynamic distortion correction of a spatial light modulator using the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor

This study introduces an innovative approach employing a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS) to measure the phase response curve of a spatial light modulator (SLM) and correct dynamic distortion. To tackle nonlinear optical responses and pixel cross talk during SLM fabrication, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, grayscale map was designed to enhance phase measurement accuracy. The SHWS's sub-aperture measurement method simplifies the experimental setup and boosts efficiency. This method shows greater resilience to environmental variations than traditional interferometry, needing only two spot patterns to determine SLM phase information. Using a relative detection method, dynamic phase distortion is effectively measured and compensated. Results confirm the grayscale map's effectiveness in the utility of the derived phase response curve for SLM pixel-wise calibration. The study also details how the phase response curve and grayscale map characteristics are leveraged for SLM dynamic distortion compensation.