EFFECTIVE USE OF SPACE IN MULTIFUNCTIONAL RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS: PRINCIPLES OF FLEXIBILITY AND ADAPTABILITY

The article examines the issue of space efficiency in multifunctional residential buildings (MFBs) through the prism of the principles of flexibility and adaptability. In the context of rapid urbanization, population growth and limited territorial resources in large cities, the problem of optimizing living space is becoming particularly relevant. In this regard, modern architects and designers are actively developing new approaches to the creation of multifunctional residential buildings that allow for the most efficient use of available space, providing a comfortable living environment and meeting the diverse needs of residents. The article analyzes the key principles that ensure the flexibility and adaptability of residential premises. The author highlights the main architectural and planning solutions that contribute to the creation of a multifunctional environment that can be transformed in accordance with changes in social, demographic and economic conditions. In particular, such methods as modularity of planning structures, use of mobile partitions, use of multifunctional furniture, introduction of “smart home” systems and other innovative technologies that allow to quickly change the functional purpose of space without significant investments are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of foreign experience, in particular, the practices of Western European countries - the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, where the concept of adaptive housing has been implemented for several decades. Examples of modern residential complexes are presented that demonstrate a successful combination of residential, office, commercial and public functions within one building. An important aspect of the study is also an assessment of the possibilities of adapting these approaches to the conditions of the Ukrainian real estate market, taking into account national building codes, design traditions and specifics of demand. It has been established that the integration of the principles of flexibility and adaptability into the design of multifunctional residential buildings helps to increase their operational efficiency, create a comfortable environment that can meet the needs of different social groups, and ensures the durability and sustainability of the housing stock in the face of rapid social change. The results obtained can be useful for architects, developers, designers, and representatives of local governments interested in implementing innovative approaches to the development of housing construction.