Evaluating the Impact of Smoke-Free Policies in Jambi, Indonesia: A Mixed-Methods Approach

The study revealed a low awareness of the smoke-free policy, with over 77.9% of respondents unaware of its existence. Despite this, more than 85% supported no-smoking signs and endorsed the policy. Education level emerged as a significant predictor of positive attitudes toward the policy (r = 0.239, p = 0.000). However, challenges in policy implementation, such as inadequate socialization, limited supervision, and budget constraints, were identified. Conclusion: Implementation of the smoke-free area policy has not been effective. This was in accordance with the findings that there was low public awareness and education level as a predictor of positive attitudes toward the policy. The findings highlight the need for improved public health communication and enforcement strategies to enhance the effectiveness of smoke-free policies in Jambi.