Does the Coexistence of Prostate Cancer and Chronic Prostatitis Affect Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging? Single-Center Retrospective Study

zObjective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the presence of concomitant chronic prostatitis leads to a change in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) interpretation in patients with histopathological diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods:The data of patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx) with a preliminary diagnosis of prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups according to TRUS-Bx results: those with prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis (Group 1) and those with prostate cancer only (Group 2).Results: According to TRUS-Bx results, there were 97 patients in the group with prostate cancer + chronic prostatitis (Group 1) and 91 patients in the group with prostate cancer alone (Group 2).There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of TRUS-Bx Gleason score and mpMRI findings [prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) score, extraprostatic extension, and seminal vesicle invasion].When TRUS-Bx Gleason scores were compared according to PI-RADS scores, similar results were observed and no significant difference was found between both groups. Conclusion:The coexistence of prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis does not affect mpMRI findings.In addition to TRUS-Bx results, prospective studies with large patient series validated against radical prostatectomy specimens are needed to confirm the accuracy of the findings.