Dual High-Voltage Switch Rectifier Bridge for Efficient Energy Transfer in Triboelectric Nanogenerators

This study proposes a novel capacitor-based energy representation model for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Using this model, the energy conversion behavior of contact–separation-mode TENGs (CS-TENGs) is analyzed with particular attention to their inherent dual-capacitor structure. According to the relationship of high-voltage and high-energy output characteristics of CS-TENGs, a specialized energy harvesting circuit is designed, featuring a dual high-voltage switch that enables bidirectional charge transfer and efficient electromagnetic energy conversion. This switch forms the core of a new rectifier bridge and energy storage topology optimized for intermittent mechanical inputs. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed energy model and demonstrate that the developed topology significantly enhances energy harvesting and storage efficiency. The integration of theoretical modeling with circuit innovation offers a comprehensive and effective strategy for improving the electrical performance of CS-TENG systems. This work bridges the theoretical gap in dual-capacitor modeling with a practical rectifier design, offering an integrated solution for real-world TENG energy harvesting challenges.