Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model for endothermic/exothermic chemical reaction with activation energy by using Debye-Hückel linearization in asymmetric channel

This study investigates the behavior of ternary nanofluids with different particle shapes (spherical and blade-shaped) within a permeable channel, by incorporating the effects of electroosmotic forces and chemical reactions. The optimization of these factors is crucial for improving thermal transmission efficiency in implementations such as renewable energy systems, cooling mechanisms, and micro-reactors. The governing equations are computed numerically using the bvp4c technique. Key findings show that spherical nanoparticles significantly outperform blade-shaped ones in heat transfer efficiency across both squeezing and dilating wall channels. Additionally, increasing endothermic/exothermic reactions and activation energy strengthens temperature and concentration profiles. The enhancement of electroosmotic forces and electric fields accelerates fluid velocity, making them highly effective in precision microfluidic applications. This work advances existing studies by integrating particle shape variations, electrokinetic forces, and chemical reactions into a unified model, offering new insights into their combined impact on heat transfer and fluid dynamics, which can lead to more energy-efficient and sustainable industrial processes. Percentage increase in drag force is 18 % at lower wall and 31.38 % for upper wall of the channel for m = 0.5 .