Blockchain Technology in Malaysian Agriculture: A Bibliometric and Topic Modelling Analysis

The integration of blockchain technology in agriculture presents transformative potential, particularly within the context of Malaysia's dynamic agricultural sector. This study employs bibliometric analysis and BERT-based topic modelling to examine the trajectory of research in this domain, utilizing 180 conference papers from the Scopus database (2019-2024). The bibliometric analysis highlights key contributors, thematic clusters, and collaborative dynamics, while the topic modelling uncovers emergent research themes, including supply chain transparency, sustainable development, and Halal certification. Findings underscore blockchain's capability to enhance food security, traceability, and agricultural efficiency. Challenges, such as regulatory hurdles and adoption barriers among smallholder farmers, are also addressed. This research provides actionable insights for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders to foster innovation, strengthen Malaysia's global agricultural competitiveness, and align with sustainability objectives.