Blockchain-Enabled Closed-Loop Supply Chain Coordination for Power Battery Recycling

This study examines decision-making challenges in closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) for power batteries, empowered by blockchain technology. A bi-directional recycling game model is developed to assess how blockchain-driven contractual coordination impacts CLSC performance. The findings show that blockchain adoption effectively enhances retail prices, market demand. When information traceability costs are high, R&D cost-sharing and sales revenue-sharing contracts improve supply chain coordination. Furthermore, we explore the impact of member bargaining games on supply chain coordination; it is found that manufacturers' bargaining power influences the optimal cost-sharing, which are negatively correlated with price sensitivity and traceability costs. These results provide useful insights and practical guidance for applying blockchain in CLSCs for power batteries, contributing to the sustainable development of the electric vehicle industry.