A Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Stair-shape Cut and Rectangular Slots For Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and Wireless Application

This study focuses on the development of a dual-band and ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna using CST Microwave Studio. The proposed design includes a partial ground plane, rectangular slots, and stair-shaped cuts on the patch to achieve the desired UWB frequency range. The antenna has overall dimensions of 22 × 30.5 mm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>. It was designed using FR-4 (lossy) with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Meanwhile, two slots at the side edges of the partial ground plane were incorporated to improve the reflection coefficients(S<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</inf>) and impedance bandwidth. After extensive simulations and optimizations, the proposed antenna resonates at 3.2 GHz and 13.6 GHz. Its impedance bandwidths are 1.2 GHz and 12.05 GHz. The proposed antenna exhibits return losses of -24.3 dB and -57.5 dB, and the gain for both frequency bands is 1.98 dB and 4.1 dB. This design surpasses several previously reported antennas due to its ultra-wideband properties and simplicity.