Operational Risk Assessment and Configuration of a Novel Urban Distribution Grid Accounting for Electric Vehicles

Currently, the widespread use of distributed energy and electric vehicles (EVs) poses operational risks to distribution networks, particularly due to the uncertainties introduced by the output of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power, as well as the random charging loads of EVs. This paper focuses on voltage excursion risk, treating it as a critical indicator of distribution network operation. A Frank-Copula function-based model is constructed to represent the correlation between PV and wind power generation, and further developed with historical data to refine the stochastic charging model for EVs. Utilizing Monte Carlo simulation, the operational risk of the distribution network under various scenarios is evaluated, including situations without EV charging loads and with EV charging loads at different nodes. The study reveals that the integration of distributed energy into the distribution network may lead to issues such as voltage excursions. However, by adjusting the point of EV access, the impact of distributed energy and EV charging loads on the distribution network can be effectively balanced, thereby reducing operational risks to some extent.