Sensorless Control Algorithm for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on Enhanced Luenberger Observer

The enhanced Luenberger observer-based sensorless control algorithm showcases exceptional capabilities in scenarios demanding low-speed operation and high dynamic performance. This study addresses the inherent limitations of traditional methods in rotor position and speed estimation accuracy by introducing an innovative optimization framework. The integration of nonlinear compensation and adaptive mechanisms significantly improves the observer's resilience to noise and adaptability to parameter fluctuations. Paired with an optimized model predictive current control (TV-MPCC) strategy, this advanced approach not only enhances rotor state estimation precision but also reduces algorithmic complexity. A detailed exploration, from theoretical foundation to experimental validation, underpins the design of the improved observer and its effective integration into control strategies. Results from simulations and experiments confirm that the proposed algorithm achieves consistent high-precision estimation throughout the entire speed range. Additionally, it outperforms conventional methods in terms of dynamic responsiveness, steady-state behavior, and disturbance rejection, providing a solid technological base for sensorless control in high-performance PMSM applications.