Enhancing Privacy in Health IoT Using Fog Computing with Proxy Re-Encryption and Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm

Internet of Things (IoT)-based cloud system has various obstacles, including confidentiality, vulnerabilities in centralized operations, difficulties in managing IoT devices, and vulnerability to malicious assaults. Secure and reliable transmission of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) between healthcare and cloud IoT is critical. IoT-enabled healthcare equipment, which has been increasingly adopted by hospitals, presents significant security risks. However, medical organizations fail to address this risk leading to possible threats to encryption and authentication of healthcare IoT devices. This paper introduces a novel framework, the Proxy Re-Encryption-Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm (PRE-MWOA), designed to improve security of Health IoT networks through Fog Computing. By combining Proxy Re-Encryption (PR) with MWOA, the framework ensures that sensitive data remains protected while allowing for intelligent task distribution and robust anomaly detection. The decryption of results occurs only at the final stage, ensuring that data remains secure throughout the computational process. Experimental results indicate that the PRE-MSSA framework significantly enhance both data security and energy consumption compared to traditional state-of-art solutions.