Energy Management Technologies for Hypersonic Vehicles: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Exploration

With the rapid advancement of technology, hypersonic vehicle technology has gradually become a focal point of global research, demonstrating significant military and commercial application potential. Energy management technologies are crucial for ensuring reliable flight operations of hypersonic vehicles while meeting the high energy demands in extreme environments. This paper reviews the current research status of energy management technologies for hypersonic vehicles, focusing on key technologies such as the Brayton cycle, thermoelectric conversion and hybrid power generation systems. By analyzing the potential applications and limitations of these technologies in optimizing vehicle performance and adapting to extreme operating conditions, this study examines their advantages and challenges in improving energy utilization efficiency. Building on this foundation, the paper discusses potential future directions for energy management in hypersonic vehicles, aiming to guide further innovation and the practical applications of energy management technologies.