Dual-Band Adaptive GPS Antennas for Real-Time Spoofing Mitigation

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) are increasingly susceptible to spoofing attacks and interference, jeopardizing their accuracy and reliability. Conventional single-element GPS receivers lack the spatial filtering capabilities to differentiate legitimate signals from counterfeit ones, making them vulnerable in high-interference environments. This study proposes a dual-band adaptive GPS antenna system that integrates an 11×11 Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) with the Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamforming algorithm to address these vulnerabilities. Operating at GPS L1 (1.57542 GHz) and L2 (1.2276 GHz) frequencies, the system enhances resilience by suppressing narrowband interference and spoofed signals dynamically. MATLAB simulations demonstrate improvements in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by up to 25 dB, null depths exceeding -30 dB, and real-time spoofing detection within 0.1 seconds. Radiation pattern analysis confirms the system’s ability to focus on authentic satellite signals while nullifying malicious interference. This scalable and computationally efficient design bridges critical gaps in GPS security, offering enhanced reliability for applications in aviation, autonomous navigation, and defense, where precision is essential.