Optimal Design of LLCL Parameters Based on APSO

For the novel LLCL structure, current research primarily focuses on damping strategies. For instance, [4] developed a biquad filter-based active damping method combined with a proportional-integral multiresonant repetitive controller. However, the control strategy must be adjusted accordingly, increasing the complexity of the control algorithm and reducing system reliability and robustness. In contrast, research on LLCL filter parameter design is limited. [5] determined the parameters of each filter component through iterative calculations under various constraints, but this method is complex and often relies on empirical tuning, leading to imprecision.