Research and Application of Remote Operation and Maintenance Technology for Substation Monitoring System Based on Zero Trust Mechanism

With the accelerated advancement of the intelligent transformation of power systems, the demand for remote operation and maintenance (O&M) of substation monitoring systems has become increasingly prominent. However, the traditional network boundary protection model has gradually exposed numerous limitations when dealing with complex and ever-changing cyber attacks. In response to the cybersecurity risks present in traditional remote O&M, this paper proposes a security protection technology scheme for remote O&M based on the zero-trust mechanism. By constructing a zero-trust secure network communication architecture and employing multi-factor authentication and dynamic trust evaluation mechanisms to build a protection system, efficient and secure remote O&M operations can be achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that this scheme can reduce O&M time by 86% in a real-world substation environment, with a success rate of 98.7<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</sup> in defending against man-in-the-middle attacks and spoofing attacks. It ensures controllability, traceability, and least privilege control throughout the O&M process, meeting the requirements for the construction of a new protection system for power systems.