Impact factors of power emissions in low-carbon industrial parks: focusing on the full lifecycle carbon emissions of distributed pv systems

Abstract Given the significant contribution of industrial parks to China’s GDP and energy-related carbon emissions, the transition towards low-carbon development is crucial for achieving China’s Dual Carbon goals. Installation of distributed PV systems is an important and widely applied measure in industrial parks. The installation of distributed PV systems is identified as a key strategy for reducing carbon emissions, yet conventional carbon accounting often overlooks the emissions associated with the entire lifecycle of these systems. The paper employs a lifecycle carbon emission analysis based on the cradle-to-grave rule, covering energy and raw material obtaining, manufacturing, usage, and end-of-life treatment. It introduces the concept of levelized carbon emission of electricity generated by PV systems (LEEPV) and evaluates its impact on the emission from electricity consumption and its factor within industrial parks. An empirical analysis of a typical industrial park in Guangdong province has been conducted. The paper concludes that incorporating lifecycle emissions of PV systems into carbon emission calculations offers a more comprehensive perspective for allocating emission liability and supports the development of low-carbon industrial parks.