Rotationally Symmetric Quadruple Split Ring Resonator-Based Metamaterial Absorber for Chemical Sensing at C-band Applications

This research focuses on a high-sensitivity chemical sensing application, which discusses the design of a metamaterial absorber (MMA) based on a Quadruple Split Ring Resonator (QSRR). With a resonance frequency of 5.856 GHz, the suggested MMA exhibits remarkable electromagnetic absorption, reaching a peak absorption rate of 99.95% during its operation. The MMA, which was designed on an FR-4 substrate and has a tiny unit cell of 7.9 mm × 7.9 mm, possesses exceptional metamaterial qualities suited for accurate sensing. These attributes include a near-zero refractive index and a single-negative permittivity. With sensitivity values of 0.346, 0.445, and 0.527, respectively, spanning the frequency range of 3–10 GHz, the findings of the simulation show that the detection accuracy for substances such as hexane, cyclohexane, and benzene is rather good. This multi-material array (MMA) is a viable contender for advanced chemical and environmental sensing applications due to its compact architecture, exceptional absorption, and high sensitivity.