Feasibility and Impact Analysis of Electric Vehicle Adoption in Dhaka: A Solution to Mitigate Air Pollution and Carbon Emissions

Air pollution significantly impacts Bangladesh’s progress toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). One of the major contributors to air pollution in Dhaka is the transportation sector, largely dominated by internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. In response to this pressing issue, there is growing interest in adopting electric vehicles (EVs) as a cleaner alternative to ICE vehicles. EVs have demonstrated significant reductions in carbon emissions in developed nations, and their integration into Dhaka’s transportation system could yield similar benefits. This research aims to qualitative, quantitative and mathematical analysis of impact of EV adoption in Dhaka, focusing on its integration with the power grid. The study analyzes the projected increase in load demand, the cost-benefit analysis, and the expected reduction in carbon emissions associated with widespread EV implementation. Using the data of Dhaka’s current transportation infrastructure, a mathematical model is developed, and Monte Carlo simulations are employed to assess various outcomes of replacing ICE vehicles with EVs. These findings will provide valuable insights into the environmental and economic implications of transitioning to electric mobility in one of the world’s most polluted cities.