A 360° Perspective on Cardiovascular Prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), is the most common cause of death worldwide. Despite decades of research into lifestyle factors and medications, we still cannot effectively prevent the occurrence of ASCVD or the many incident CVD events and their complications. Yet, in most countries, only a small percentage of the healthcare budget is allocated to (primary) prevention, and only a few nations have introduced effective integrated (coordinated) programmes in primary prevention to promote health education, invest in health as early as possible, and prevent adverse CVD events. The International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE) responds to this significant ineffectiveness by offering the most comprehensive population approach, including early, effective education, improvement of all recognised risk factors, alongside those that remain frequently unmeasured, such as lipoprotein(a), factors which are often overlooked such as sleep disturbances and alcohol consumption, and the challenging aspect of stress, and its effect on cardiovascular health. Finally, ILEP-SMILE places considerable emphasis on adherence as a result of education; without it, even efficient lifestyle changes and the most innovative drugs may not yield the expected outcomes. This is also a loud call to action and international collaboration to jointly address the lifetime burden of cardiovascular disease.

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Publication Details

Journal
Archives of Medical Science
Published
2025-05-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/205732
Citations
6
Primary Topic
Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
8.33
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article

A 360° Perspective on Cardiovascular Prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE)

Mohsen Mazidi, Ivan Pećin, Dan Gaiță, Peter E. Penson et al.
6 citations
Archives of Medical Science
Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
8.33
article

A 360° Perspective on Cardiovascular Prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE)

Mohsen Mazidi, Ivan Pećin, Dan Gaiță, Peter E. Penson, Maciej Banach, Niki Katsiki, Atanas G. Atanasov, Arrigo F.G. Cicero, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Anca Pantea Stoian, Ibadete Bytyçi, Federica Fogacci, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
article en
6 citations

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), is the most common cause of death worldwide. Despite decades of research into lifestyle factors and medications, we still cannot effectively prevent the occurrence of ASCVD or the many incident CVD events and their complications. Yet, in most countries, only a small percentage of the healthcare budget is allocated to (primary) prevention, and only a few nations have introduced effective integrated (coordinated) programmes in primary prevention to promote health education, invest in health as early as possible, and prevent adverse CVD events. The International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE) responds to this significant ineffectiveness by offering the most comprehensive population approach, including early, effective education, improvement of all recognised risk factors, alongside those that remain frequently unmeasured, such as lipoprotein(a), factors which are often overlooked such as sleep disturbances and alcohol consumption, and the challenging aspect of stress, and its effect on cardiovascular health. Finally, ILEP-SMILE places considerable emphasis on adherence as a result of education; without it, even efficient lifestyle changes and the most innovative drugs may not yield the expected outcomes. This is also a loud call to action and international collaboration to jointly address the lifetime burden of cardiovascular disease.

Archives of Medical ScienceVol. 21(3)
John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (PL), University Hospital Centre Zagreb (HR), Johns Hopkins University (US), Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy (RO), University of Opole (PL), University of Cologne (DE), University of Zagreb (HR), International Hellenic University (GR), European University Cyprus (CY), Johns Hopkins Medicine (US), University of Oxford (GB), Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PL), University Clinical Center of Kosovo (XK), Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara (RO), Azienda USL di Bologna (IT), Medical University of Lodz (PL), University Hospital Cologne (DE), Liverpool John Moores University (GB), Medical University of Vienna (AT), University of Prishtina (XK), Saveetha University (IN), Umeå University (SE), University of Bologna (IT)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 2%
Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
8.33
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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