Delving Into Security and Privacy of Joint Communication and Sensing: A Survey

Joint Communication and Sensing (JCAS) systems are emerging as a core technology for next-generation wireless systems due to the potential to achieve higher spectral efficiency, energy savings, and new services beyond communications. This paper provides a review of the state-of-the-art in JCAS systems by focusing on obtrusive passive sensing capabilities and inherent security and privacy challenges that arise from the integration of communication and sensing. From this point of view, we discuss existing techniques for mitigating security and privacy issues, as well as important aspects for the designing of secure and privacy-aware JCAS systems. Additionally, we discuss future research directions by emphasizing on new enabling technologies and their integration on JCAS systems along with their role in privacy and security aspects. We also discuss the required modifications to existing systems and the design of new systems with privacy and security awareness, where the challenging trade-offs between security, privacy and performance of the JCAS system must be considered.