Unlocking the potential of redundant energy from solar photovoltaic systems: Navigating global research trends, innovations, and future directions

The deployment of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems has led to significant challenges in managing redundant energy, also known as excess, wasted, or surplus energy, necessitating comprehensive analysis of existing research and future directions. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate global research trends and innovations in managing excess energy from solar PV systems. Using the Scopus database, 646 relevant documents published between 2004 and 2024 were analyzed using the R Studio-based Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. The analysis revealed a significant annual growth rate of 21.72 % in publications, with India, China, and the USA emerging as leading contributors. The research collaboration networks showed strong international partnerships between developed and developing nations. Thematic mapping identified three major research clusters centered around renewable energy integration, energy storage solutions, and grid optimization. Key findings revealed a shift from basic component optimization towards holistic system integration, with emerging focus areas including green hydrogen production, peer-to-peer energy trading, and artificial intelligence-driven energy management systems. This study provides a roadmap for future research and informs policymakers and practitioners on strategic priorities to harness the full potential of solar PV systems.