Risk Vulnerability Mapping and Resilience Strategies of Populations Facing Flooding in Urban Environments: Case of Maroua, Far North, Cameroon

Flood disasters pose a significant and enduring global challenge, disproportionately impacting urban populations in vulnerable regions like Africa, where accelerated urbanization and climate change exacerbate risks. This study examines community vulnerability and resilience strategies in response to flooding in Maroua, located in Cameroon’s Far North region. By integrating geospatial data for flood risk and vulnerability modelling, field surveys encompassing 400 households, and satellite imagery analysis, we assess the spatial distribution of flood risk, vulnerability, and the socio-economic and infrastructural impacts on at-risk populations. Our analysis reveals a substantial increase in flood risk over time, driven by the expansion of built-up areas from 6.18 km² in 1986 to 21.22 km² in 2024. Approximately 82% of surveyed households reported flood exposure, with impacts ranging from impaired mobility to fatalities. In response, communities have adopted adaptive measures, including elevating building foundations and employing resilient construction materials. These findings offer critical insights for policymakers seeking to improve the resilience and living conditions of Maroua’s flood-prone populations