Research on the Experimental Control of Abnormal Vibration on High-Speed Lines

With the continuous increase of operational mileage of high-speed trains in China, wheel–rail wear and various dynamics problems are gradually being exposed. Abnormal vibration in the carbody appeared during operation. To solve this problem, the rail profiles, wheel profiles, and vehicle vibration acceleration were measured. A coupled rigid–flexible dynamic model of high-speed trains has been established. Through the analysis of the dynamic response, the causes of the abnormal vibrations of electric multiple units were studied. The results show that the equivalent conicity is 0.477 when the wear mileage is 100,000 km, and the 6–8 Hz bogie hunting frequency transmission to the carbody is the main factor that produces carbody shaking. Wheel re-profiling, improving line quality, and rail grinding are proposed to solve the problem of abnormal carbody shaking. Wheel re-profiling can effectively reduce the equivalent conicity. The personalized profile grinding method can improve the wheel/rail contact relationship. The bogie hunting frequency should be avoided to prevent resonance with the carbody’s first-order elastic mode. The machine tamping control also improves the stiffness under the rail and improves line geometric irregularity, combined with the function of the rail grinding, further eliminating carbody shaking.