Understanding and therapeutic approaches to advanced glycation end-products in chronic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are formed through nonenzymatic glycation, accumulate in the body and play a very important role in causing chronic, degenerative diseases and related complications, especially diabetic complications, chronic kidney disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. AGEs can modify proteins and change their physical and chemical properties and can act also via specific receptors, among them receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is the best known. RAGE, a starting point of toxic signals from AGEs, is also an important factor for the prevention and treatment of each disease. From a functional medicine perspective, understanding the relationship between AGEs, which are closely related to diet and dietary habits, and each disease and strategies to control the interaction and formation of AGEs-RAGE can be helpful in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.