Scleritis Caused by Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Case Reporte

To report a case of an 81-year-old female with scleritis due to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. The patient's initial symptoms, including scleritis and systemic manifestations such as recurrent fever, were observed. Laboratory tests, imaging studies, ANCA testing, and bone marrow biopsy were performed for diagnosis. Treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide was administered, and the response was monitored by observing the resolution of scleritis and normalization of blood parameters. The patient was initially misdiagnosed. However, through comprehensive examinations, the EGPA diagnosis was confirmed. The treatment was effective, with the scleritis being resolved and blood parameters returning to normal. EGPA is a rare ANCA-associated vasculitis with complex and non-specific manifestations. ANCA is a significant biomarker, and comprehensive laboratory testing is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Treatment consists of induction and maintenance phases. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possibility of systemic autoimmune diseases in scleritis patients, especially those with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, and cooperate with internal medicine specialists for optimal patient management.