Analysis of Land Use Impact on Land Surface Temperature Changes in the Ultramafic Rock Mining Area Awang Bangkal Barat Village, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

The study aims to analyze land use changes in the area to determine whether these changes impact environmental quality. The conversion of vegetated land into residential areas has led to an increase in surface temperature. Surface temperature refers to the temperature of objects on the Earth's surface. Based on image analysis from 2000 to 2023, the researchers classified the land into five categories: vegetated land, built-up land, mining land, open land, and water bodies. The results indicate significant changes in both land use and land surface temperature (LST) across different land use categories in Awang Bangkal Barat Village, with some areas experiencing an increase while others showed a decrease. The classification of land use and surface temperature was derived from satellite data processing using Landsat 7 for the years 2000 to 2010 and Landsat 8 for the period from 2015 to 2023. Land cover classification was conducted through on-screen digitization, and surface temperature values were extracted from the thermal bands of Landsat imagery. The study found that built-up areas and mining lands showed higher LST values, indicating the effect of urbanization and mining activities on increasing surface temperatures. Conversely, vegetated areas generally exhibited lower LST, emphasizing the importance of maintaining vegetation to regulate local climate. This research highlights the need for sustainable land management practices to mitigate the negative environmental impacts associated with land use changes. By providing a comprehensive analysis of land use patterns and their correlation with LST, the findings offer valuable insights for policymakers in planning urban development while considering environmental sustainability. The integration of long-term satellite data allows for better monitoring and understanding of the dynamics between land use and surface temperature changes over time.