Investigating the Influence of Axial Velocity and Tangential Velocity on Combustion Characteristics in a Cylindrical Vortex Combustor

Efficient combustion is essential for various applications, including gas turbines, industrial furnaces, and propulsion systems. The interaction between axial and tangential velocities significantly influences combustion stability, flame shape, and pollutant formation. However, a comprehensive understanding of these effects in a cylindrical vortex combustor remains elusive. The primary of this study is to analyse how axial and tangential velocities impact combustion characteristics within the Cylindrical Vortex Combustor (CVC). Specifically, we aim to determine the optimal velocity combination that ensures stable combustion, minimal emissions, and efficient energy release. The CVC geometry was modelled, and the simulations were conducted for various axial and tangential velocity combinations by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS Fluent software were employed to explore the behaviour of the vortex combustor under varying conditions. The Navier-Stokes equations, energy equation, and species transport equations were solved. Air inlet conditions included a mass flow rate of 40 mg/s and for fuel inlet was set 3.0 to 4.0 mg/s through an equivalence ratio (j) ranging from 0.5 to 1.5. The numerical findings indicate higher axial velocities enhance mixing and promote stable combustion and this velocity component excessive lead to flame blowout. The tangential velocities influence vortex strength and flame stability and will enhances recirculation and flame anchoring. Due to these conditions, an optimal balance between axial and tangential velocities yields efficient combustion. Understanding the interplay between axial and tangential velocities is essential for designing efficient vortex combustors. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing combustion systems, reducing emissions, and improving overall performance.