Influence of tin mining on seagrass-associated fish populations in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia

Abstract Seagrass meadows play a critical role in supporting coastal ecosystems, serving as essential habitats for fish diversity and abundance. This study investigates the influence of tin mining activities on seagrass-associated fish populations in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted across five sites with varying proximities to mining activities, classified as near, moderate, and far from tin mining operations. Data on fish abundance, diversity, and the ecological quality of seagrass were collected and analyzed using indices such as the Shannon Diversity Index (H’) and the Seagrass Ecological Quality Index (SEQI). The findings reveal significant variations in fish community structure and seagrass ecosystem health, with closer proximity to mining activities correlating with reduced seagrass quality and fish diversity. However, areas with mangrove connectivity displayed enhanced fish diversity and abundance, underscoring the mitigating role of interconnected habitats. This study highlights the ecological impacts of tin mining and emphasizes the importance of conserving and restoring seagrass ecosystems to sustain marine biodiversity.