Application of FTIR spectroscopy in the analysis and quality assessment of sunflower Oil

In this review, we have studied the use of IR spectroscopy in sunflower oil. The spectrometer used is ALPHA II is used successfully in FT-IR applications in any industry, for its quantification and identification and quality control research. Sunflower oil is primarily composed of triglycerides, which are molecules made up of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid chains. The specific composition of sunflower oil can vary slightly depending on factors like the variety of sunflower and the method of extraction, but generally, sunflower oil contains the following: monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA): oleic acid (omega-9) is the predominant MUFA in sunflower oil, typically making up 15-50% of the oil, depending on the sunflower variety (high-oleic sunflower oil contains higher amounts of oleic acid). This review focuses on the application of FTIR spectroscopy, particularly using the ALPHA II spectrometer, in analyzing sunflower oil for composition, quality control, and authentication. Sunflower oil, primarily composed of triglycerides with varying levels of oleic and linoleic acids, shows characteristic IR bands at 3007, 2921, 2852, and 1742 cm⁻¹, are corresponding to specific functional group vibrations. Applications of FTIR in sunflower oil analysis: quality control for detects oxidation or hydrolysis, adulteration detection for identifies mixing with other oils, thermal degradation monitoring for assesses changes due to frying or heating, authentication for confirms the presence of specific fatty acid esters.